Benkler, Yochai, et al. Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018.
Chen, Adrian. “The Agency.” The New York Times, 2 June 2015. NYTimes.com, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/07/magazine/the-agency.html.
“Crash Course: Impressions, Reach and Engagement.” Commercial Web Services, 20 June 2017, https://www.commercialwebservices.com/blog/2017/06/20/crash-course-impressions-reach-and-engagement/.
Jack, Caroline. “Grappling with the Weirdness of Advertising.” Data & Society: Points, 21 June 2018, https://points.datasociety.net/grappling-with-the-weirdness-of-advertising-8be8329f1977.
Kaiser, Jonas and Adrian Rauchfleisch, D&S Media Manipulation: Dispatches from the. “Unite the Right? How YouTube’s Recommendation Algorithm Connects The U.S. Far-Right.” Medium, 11 Apr. 2018, https://medium.com/@MediaManipulation/unite-the-right-how-youtubes-recommendation-algorithm-connects-the-u-s-far-right-9f1387ccfabd.
McNamee, Roger. Zucked: Waking Up to the Facebook Catastrophe. 2019.
Phillips, Whitney. The Oxygen of Amplification: Better Practices for Reporting on Extremists, Antagonists, and Manipulators Online. Data & Society, 2018, https://datasociety.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/FULLREPORT_Oxygen_of_Amplification_DS.pdf.
Timberg, Craig, and Elizabeth Dwoskin. “Russian Content on Facebook, Google and Twitter Reached Far More Users than Companies First Disclosed, Congressional Testimony Says.” The Washington Post, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/technology/2017/10/30/4509587e-bd84-11e7-97d9-bdab5a0ab381_story.html?noredirect=on&utm_term=.dc4343253ee9. Accessed 23 Mar. 2019.
Tufekci, Zeynep. “YouTube, the Great Radicalizer.” The New York Times, 8 June 2018. NYTimes.com, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politics-radical.html.
Virilio, Paul, et al. Politics of the Very Worst: An Interview by Philippe Petit. Semiotext(e), 1999.
For more on Internet Research Agency's attempts to influence the Brexit referendum or the Catalonian independence debate, see:
Booth, Robert, et al. “Russia Used Hundreds of Fake Accounts to Tweet about Brexit, Data Shows.” The Guardian, 14 Nov. 2017. www.theguardian.com, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/nov/14/how-400-russia-run-fake-accounts-posted-bogus-brexit-tweets
Cadwalladr, Carole. “The Great British Brexit Robbery: How Our Democracy Was Hijacked.” The Guardian, 7 May 2017. www.theguardian.com, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/07/the-great-british-brexit-robbery-hijacked-democracy.
Matthew, and Mike Wright. “Russian Trolls Sent Thousands of Pro-Leave Messages on Day of Brexit Referendum, Twitter Data Reveals.” The Telegraph, 17 Oct. 2018. www.telegraph.co.uk, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2018/10/17/russian-iranian-twitter-trolls-sent-10-million- tweets-fake-news/
For more on the history of Russia's media manipulation campaigns and strategies, see:
Benkler, Yochai, et al. Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics. Oxford University Press, 2018.
Woolley, Samuel C., and Philip N. Howard. Computational Propaganda: Political Parties, Politicians, and Political Manipulation on Social Media. Oxford University Press, 2019.